Linux下自動執行Oracle數據庫的備份

備份策略:

星期天 0 級
星期一,二,四,五,六 2 級
星期三 1 級

--創建本地管理路徑

mkdir -p /dinglp/ora_managed/backup
mkdir -p /dinglp/ora_managed/backup
mkdir -p /dinglp/ora_managed/backup/export-
 

mkdir -p /dinglp/ora_managed/backup/log
mkdir -p /dinglp/ora_managed/backup/rman_backup
mkdir -p /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts

--創建rman表空間和rman用戶

create tablespace rman_tbs datafile '/oradata/luke/rman_tbs01.dbf' size 1024M;
create user rman_dlp identified by dlp default tablespace rman_tbs temporary tablespace temp;
grant connect,resource ,recovery_catalog_owner to rman;

--注冊catalog 數據庫

rman catalog rman_dlp/dlp
create catalog tablespace rman_tbs;
connect target sys/dg@priamry
register database;
report schema;

--設置備份參數

configure retention policy to redundancy 2;
configure retention policy to recovery window of 7 days;

--以下是備份腳本(可以通過vi進行編輯)
dlp-> touch exp_rman.par
dlp-> touch exp_rman.sh
dlp-> touch rman_bk_LEVEL0.rcv   (數據庫0級備份)
dlp-> touch rman_bk_LEVEL0.sh
dlp-> touch rman_bk_LEVEL1.rcv (數據庫1級備份)
dlp-> touch rman_bk_LEVEL1.sh
dlp-> touch rman_bk_LEVEL2.rcv   (數據庫2級備份www.linuxidc.com)
dlp-> touch rman_bk_LEVEL2.sh

--倒出RMAN用戶數據腳本exp_rman.par
##################################################
###               exp_rman.par                 ###
##################################################
userid=rman_dlp/dlp
file=/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/export/rman.dmp
log=/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/log/rman.log

--倒出RMAN數據SHELL腳本exp_rman.sh
##################################################
###                 exp_rman.sh                ###
##################################################
#!/bin/bash
source /home/Oracle/.bash_profile
cd /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts
exp parfile=exp_rman.par

--零級備份RMAN腳本rman_bk_LEVEL0.rcv
connect catalog rman_dlp/dlp
connect target sys/dg@primary
run {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
allocate channel d2 type disk;
backup incremental level 0 database format '/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/rman_backup/level0_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak'
tag='level 0' include current controlfile;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/rman_backup/log_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' delete all input;
release channel d2;
release channel d1;
}
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
resync catalog;
exit;

--零級備份SHELL腳本的rman_bk_LEVEL0.sh
#####################################################################
###                   rman_bk_LEVEL0.sh                           ###
#####################################################################
#!/bin/bash
source /home/Oracle/.bash_profile
cd /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts
rman cmdfile=rman_bk_LEVEL0.rcv msglog=$HOME/backup/log/rman_bk_LEVEL0.log
./dinglp/ora_managed/script/exp_rman.sh

--一級差異增量備份RMAN腳本rman_bk_LEVEL1.rcv
connect catalog rman_dlp/dlp
connect target sys/dg@primary
run {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup incremental level 1 format '/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/rman_backup/level1_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' tag = 'level 1' database;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/rman_backup/log_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' delete all input;
release channel d1;
}
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
resync catalog;
exit;

--一級差異增量備份SHELL腳本rman_bk_LEVEL1.sh
#####################################################################
###                   rman_bk_LEVEL1.sh                           ###
#####################################################################
#!/bin/bash
source /home/Oracle/.bash_profile
cd /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts
rman cmdfile=rman_bk_LEVEL1.rcv msglog=/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/log/rman_bk_LEVEL1.log
. /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts/exp_rman.sh

--二級差異增量備份RMAN腳本rman_bk_LEVEL2.rcv
connect catalog rman_dlp/dlp
connect target sys/dg@primary
run {
allocate channel d1 type disk;
backup incremental level 2 format '/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/rman_backup/level2_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' tag = 'level 2' database;
sql 'alter system archive log current';
backup archivelog all format '/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/rman_backup/log_%d_%s_%p_%u.bak' delete all input;
release channel d1;
}
crosscheck backup;
delete noprompt expired backup;
delete noprompt obsolete;
resync catalog;
exit;

--二級差異增量備份SHELL腳本rman_bk_LEVEL2.sh
#####################################################################
###                   rman_bk_LEVEL2.sh                           ###
#####################################################################
#!/bin/bash
source /home/Oracle/.bash_profile
cd /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts
rman cmdfile=rman_bk_LEVEL2.rcv msglog=/dinglp/ora_managed/backup/log/rman_bk_LEVEL2.log
. /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts/exp_rman.sh

--提高RMAN增量備份性能

alter database enable block change tracking using file '/u01/app/Oracle/admin/devdb/bdump/luke.log';

desc v$block_change_tracking;

--RMAN 動態視圖
V$ARCHIVED_LOG             顯示在數據庫中已經創建、備份或清除的歸檔文件。
V$BACKUP_CORRUPTION    顯示在備份集的備份過程中找到的損壞塊。
V$COPY_CORRUPTION    顯示映像復制過程中找到的損壞塊。
V$BACKUP_DATAFILE    用于通過確定各數據文件中的塊數來創建大小相同的備份集。通過它也可以找出數據文件中已損壞的塊數。    V$BACKUP_REDOLOG    顯示在備份集中存儲的歸檔日志。
V$BACKUP_SET     顯示已經創建的備份集。
V$BACKUP_PIECE    顯示為備份集創建的備份片。

--如何監視復制進程
使用 SET COMMAND ID 命令可將服務器會話與通道聯系起來。
查詢 V$PROCESS 和 V$SESSION，可以確定會話與哪些 RMAN 通道對應。
查詢 V$SESSION_LONGOPS，可以監視備份和復制的進度。

--linux下自動運行備份腳本
crontab格式簡介
第1列分鐘1～59
第2列小時1～23（0表示子夜）
第3列日1～31
第4列月1～12
第5列星期0～6（0表示星期天）
第6列要運行的命令

[root@dlp ~]# vi /etc/crontab

SHELL=/bin/bash
PATH=/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
MAILTO=root
HOME=/

# run-parts
01 * * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.hourly
02 4 * * * root run-parts /etc/cron.daily
22 4 * * 0 root run-parts /etc/cron.weekly
42 4 1 * * root run-parts /etc/cron.monthly
00 22 * * 0 root /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts/rman_bk_LEVEL0.sh
00 22 * * 3 root /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts/rman_bk_LEVEL1.sh
00 22 * * 1,2,4,5,6 root /dinglp/ora_managed/scripts/rman_bk_LEVEL2.sh

--完畢，RYOHEI，2010-08-04。

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